嘉峪关不同下垫面小气候特征及其人体舒适度对比分析

本文通过分析嘉峪关不同下垫面的温度、湿度、风速等要素在不同季节细微差异,分析归纳了以戈壁,湿地,城市工业,园林绿地为代表的下垫面对小气候的影响贡献;并且以人体舒适度为指标,探讨分析园林绿地对宜居城市建设的贡献。结果表明:4种下垫面的气象要素在春季、夏季有显著或极显著差异,而秋季、冬季差异不显著;园林绿化区具有很好的降温、保湿、风屏等效应,对城市生态影响显著;四个区域平均舒适度,呈现湿地保护区>园林绿化区>城市热岛区>戈壁荒漠区的形势,园林绿化区舒适程度在5-9月明显大于其他下垫面;园林绿化区的降温、增湿效应能够有效缓解城市热岛,对改善城市热环境有着重要的作用和意义。     

Reconstruction of eddies by assimilating satellite altimeter data into Princeton Ocean Model

An optimal interpolation assimilation model for satellite altimetry data is developed based on Princeton Ocean Model (POM), which is applied in a quasi-global domain, by the method of isotropic correlation between sea level anomaly (SLA) and sea temperature anomaly. The perfor- mance of this assimilation model is validated by the modeled results of SLA and the current patterns. Comparisons between modeling and satellite data show that both the magnitudes and distribution patterns of the simulated SLA are improved by assimilation. The most signiˉcant improvement is that meso-scale systems, e.g., eddies, are well reconstructed. The evolution of an eddy located in the northwest Paciˉc Ocean is traced by using the assimilation model. Model results show that during three months the eddy migrated southwestward for about 6 degrees before merging into the Kuroshio. The three dimensional structure of this eddy on 12 August 2001 is further analyzed. The strength of this warm, cyclonic eddy decreases with the increase of depth. The eddy shows di?erent horizontal patterns at di?erent layers, and the SLA and temperature ˉelds agree with each other well. This study suggests that this kind of data assimilation is economic and reliable for eddy reconstruction, and can be used as a promising technique in further studies of ocean eddies as well as other ˉne circulation structures.     

中国主要含镍岩体特征及其成因

中国目前已发现7条岩带中18个岩体赋存有工业铜镍矿床。这些含镍岩体的岩石组合有三大类,其中以超基性岩中矿床居多,苏长岩与科马提岩中较少。中国含镍岩浆系列属于科马提岩系列而非拉斑玄武岩系列,含矿岩浆来自上地幔的部分熔融,源区具有U、Th值高而Cr低的特点,深大断裂发育的大陆边缘是镍矿床发育最理想的场所。     

山西中部小两岭组火山岩的铷—锶同位素年龄测定

<正> 一、采样位置及其概况 二、测定方法和测量结果 三、问题讨论     

ANALYSIS ON WAVELET POWER SPECTRUM OF WARM AND COLD EVENTS IN THE NI?O REGIONS

We statistically analyze the tropical typhoon forming in the South China Sea and use TC (Tropical Cyclone) for short in the following) by typhoon yearbook. The typhoon quantity is very different in different months and years. TC appears in all months except March, and the most TC quantity in a year is 11, the least is 1 and 6.2 on average. The most TC quantity in a month is 5 and the least is 0. TC lands most in August and no TC lands on Chinese continent from December to the following April. The primary landing area is between Shantou and Hainan Island. The sustaining period of TC is usually between 4 days to 7days, and the longest is 19 days. Only 15% of the TC forming in the South China Sea can intensify to typhoon, and they all form in the ocean area deeper than 150m. The South China Sea is the ocean area over which the TC occurs frequently.     

攀西地区晚新生代沉积研究回顾与问题讨论

攀西地区晚新生代沉积是研究青藏高原东南缘隆升演化历史及其周缘环境响应、中国第一第二阶梯地貌格局演变和高原东南缘水系变迁的天然地质记录，具有重要科学意义。对该区晚新生代河湖相沉积，尤其是昔格达组和大箐梁子组的研究历史、岩性内涵、形成时代、古地理与古气候意义等进行了较全面的回顾。在此基础上对晚新生代冰碛物记录的冰川发育过程、青藏高原东南缘新构造运动和隆升历史、水系格局变迁等过程进行了评述。针对该区晚新生代沉积研究中存在的问题和分歧，提出了今后研究的方向，认为在详细的地层学和地貌学等综合研究基础上开展高精度的年代学研究是当前攀西地区晚新生代沉积研究的重点。     

广东旅游休闲产业空间布局模式的构建

从大珠三角与其周边地区的地理梯度特征,可见大珠三角在广东地理、经济、文化中的核心地位,其周边地区的边缘地位。这种“核心”与“边缘”或“中心”与“外围”的关系实际上构造了一个相对稳定的旅游系统,前者主要成为旅游客源地,后者主要成为旅游接待地。大珠三角城际在空间上的逐步融合,构成了广东“环大珠三角城市群游憩带”和“点-轴树状游憩网”,以及“南部濒海游憩廊”的旅游休闲产业空间布局模式。     

长江三峡库区云阳-巫山段斜坡坡度对滑坡的贡献率

三峡库区滑坡发育与多种因素相关,在它的内部因子中除了地层、斜坡高差和坡向等重要因素外,斜坡的坡度是一个非常重要的条件。为了研究坡度与滑坡发育的关系,借助于GIS技术,利用贡献率法重点研究了三峡库区斜坡坡度对滑坡发育的影响,并且定量地给出了二者的相关关系,即坡度对滑坡发育的贡献。该方法是将坡度划分为若干区间,分析每一区间对滑坡发育所起到的贡献作用,并定量评价了其贡献率的大小。所得研究结果与实际情况较吻合,为库区的滑坡防治规划提供了依据。     

柴达木盆地北缘西端冷湖花岗岩

冷湖花岗岩体由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成，岩体中发育较多的辉绿岩墙和花岗闪长斑岩岩墙。岩石的常量、稀土、微量元素地球化学研究表明花岗岩类和脉岩类为同源岩浆分异演化而成，Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd同位素特征反映其源岩来自地幔。地球化学判别图解得出，冷湖花岗岩类属I型花岗岩，早期的花岗闪长岩形成于岛弧环境，与柴达木板块、南祁连板块的碰撞有关；晚期的二长花岗岩形成于板块碰撞隆起环境，与阿尔金大型走滑断裂的活动有关。     

河北矾山钾质碱性超镁铁岩—正长岩杂岩体Sm—Nd年龄和Sr、Nd同位素特征

河北矾山侵入杂岩,由层状钾质超镁铁岩--正长岩组成,已知它含有大型磁铁矿磷灰石矿床.现在已测定了岩体的岩石和矿物的Sm-Nd同位素资料,并获得了杂岩体的Sm-Nd同位素年龄.4个矿物样品和2个全岩样品Sm-Nd等时线年龄为243.4±9.7Ma,INd=0.512045,εNd(t)=-5.4;4个矿物样品和7个全岩样品等时线年龄为239±19Ma,INd=0.512055,εNd(t)=-5.3.这些年龄资料表明,矾山岩体可能侵位于早三叠.而矾山岩体的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为218±8Ma,Isr=0.70554,εsr=18.4的事实可能暗示矾山岩体在中三叠才完全固结并达到Rb-Sr体系封闭的温度.上述矾山岩体的Sr、Nd同位素特征表明,矾山岩体的物质源自富集的上地幔.